| | plenary [ PLEE-nuh'-ree ] | | [ noun, adjective ] | | MEANING : | | 1. (adj.) complete or absolute 2. (adj.) attended by all qualified members or fully constituted 3. a meeting at which all members are present | | USAGE EXAMPLE 1 : | | Many members objected as the vote was not taken at a plenary meeting. | | USAGE EXAMPLE 2 : | | In the course of the day, we had both plenary meetings and bilateral discussions allowing for detailed exchanges on all issues," Solana said. CNN, Obama demands 'unfettered' access to Iran facilities, 2 October 2009. | | expository [ ik-SPOZ-i-tawr-ee ] | | [ adjective ] | | MEANING : | | 1. serving to explain 2. pertaining to a public show or exhibition 3. characteristic of being set forth | | USAGE EXAMPLE 1 : | | Despite the expository nature of the lecture, only a few students were able to understand. | | USAGE EXAMPLE 2 : | | It was not even certain what basic structure Elgar had in mind for his finale, although I felt that the breadth of the expository material in the sketches pointed towards a sonata form. BBC, Anthony Payne on Elgar's Symphony No 3, 13 February 1998. | | undulating [ UHN-juh'-ley-ting ] | | [ adjective ] | | MEANING : | | 1. wavelike or rippling 2. having a wavelike form | | USAGE EXAMPLE 1 : | | As he looked around, he realised that there was nothing but undulating sand dunes for miles around him. | | USAGE EXAMPLE 2 : | | The Olympic Park is taking shape and the undulating roof of the Aquatics Center, one of the main venues at the site, is set to be completed by the end of the year. CNN, London marks 1,000 days to 2012 Olympics, Melissa Gray, 31 October 2009. | | physiological [ fiz-ee-uh'-LOJ-i-kuh'l ] | | [ adjective ] | | MEANING : | | 1. pertaining to the scientific study of an organism's vital functions 2. consistent with the normal functioning of an organism 3. pertaining to an additive primary colour | | USAGE EXAMPLE 1 : | | Children generally develop a close relationship with the family pet because of the physiological nature of domestic animals. | | USAGE EXAMPLE 2 : | | There are proven physiological benefits of interacting with dogs. CNN, Learning to read? Try talking to a dog, Rachel Rodriguez, 24 October 2009. | | adjourn [ uh'-JURN ] | | [ intransitive verb, transitive verb ] | | MEANING : | | 1. (tr. v.) to suspend or postpone until a future specified time 2. (intr. v.) to suspend proceedings until another date and time 3. (intr. v.) to shift or move to another place after finishing with the first place | | USAGE EXAMPLE 1 : | | The president of the club adjourned the meeting for a week.
| | USAGE EXAMPLE 2 : | | Mr Registrar Simmonds adjourned the hearing to give the Lancashire outfit more time to settle the debt. BBC, Accrington given tax adjournment, 28 October 2009. | |
Spelled Pronunciation Key Stress marks: [ CAPS ] indicates the primary stressed syllable, as in newspaper [NOOZ-pey-per ] and information [ in-fer-MEY-shuh' n ] CONSONANTS | [b] | boy, baby, rob | [d] | do, ladder, bed | [f] | food, offer, safe | [g] | get, bigger, dog | [h] | happy, ahead | [j] | jump, budget, age | [k] | can, speaker, stick | [l] | let, follow, still | [m] | make, summer, time | [n] | no, dinner, thin | [ng] | singer, think, long | [p] | put, apple, cup | [r] | run, marry, far, store | [s] | sit, city, passing, face | [sh] | she, station, push | [t] | top, better, cat | [ch] | church, watching, nature, witch | [th] | thirsty, nothing, math | [th'] | this, mother, breathe | [v] | very, seven, love | [w] | wear, away | [hw] | where, somewhat | [y] | yes, onion | [z] | zoo, easy, buzz | [zh] | measure, television, beige | | | VOWELS | [a] | apple, can, hat | [ey] | aid, hate, day | [ah] | arm, father, aha | [air] | air, careful, wear | [aw] | all, or, talk, lost, saw | [e] | ever, head, get | [ee] | eat, see, need | [eer] | ear, hero, beer | [er] | teacher, afterward, murderer | [i] | it, big, finishes | [ahy] | I, ice, hide, deny | [o] | odd, hot, woffle | [oh] | owe, road, below | [oo] | ooze, food, soup, sue | [oo'] | good, book, put | [oi] | oil, choice, toy | [ou] | out, loud, how | [uh] | up, mother, mud | [uh'] | about, animal, problem, circus | [ur] | early, bird, stirring | | | FOREIGN SOUNDS | [a*] | Fr. ami | [kh*] | Scot. loch, Ger. ach or ich | [œ] | Fr. feu, Ger. schön | [r*] | Fr. au revoir, Yiddish rebbe | [uh*] | Fr. oeuvre | [y*] | Fr. tu, Ger. über | | | SAMPLE NASALIZED VOWELS | [an*] | Fr. bien | [ahn*] | Fr. croissant | [awn*] | Fr. bon | [œn*] | Fr. parfum | [in*] | Port. Principe | | | |
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